作者/沫沫吐
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每个民族或多或少都有自己的忌讳,当中国人与阿拉伯人接触的时候,了解阿拉伯人的忌讳,可以规避一些尴尬,关系也能更加融洽。阿拉伯人的忌讳主要是来自他们的宗教,了解了他们的宗教,你就会知道其中并去理解他们。
忌讳猪肉和酒
阿拉伯人不食猪肉不喝酒这条禁忌相信已经深入人心,除了猪肉,阿拉伯人通常也不吃动物内脏,和非主流的动物肉类。这类东西和阿拉伯人打交道尽量不要出现,这里就不再多阐述。
忌讳左手
阿拉伯人待人接物吃饭都是用右手的,特别是食物,左手递给他是非常不敬的,如果他知道你不懂或许会原谅你。这是因为在阿拉伯人传统观念里,右手是干净的,左手是不洁的。这是由于阿拉伯人如厕后不用卫生纸而是用水冲洗,而左手是用来洁净的。或许有人会觉得这样的如厕方式不洁净,但事实上阿拉伯人的痔疮发病率极低,应该说与他们的这一习惯有着很大的关系。另外阿拉伯人用手洗完后还会很认真地用肥皂洗手液再认真把手洗一下。
忌讳六角星
阿拉伯人忌讳类似六角星的商标或者物品,是因为六角星是以色列的国旗标志,以色列则与阿拉伯人是世仇,大部分阿拉伯人不喜欢甚至厌恶以色列,所以对六角星的东西也很排斥,有点“恨屋及乌”的意思吧。
忌讳数字13,喜欢数字7
阿拉伯人同西方人一样不喜欢数字13,他们喜欢的数字是7,这或许和宗教有关。在阿拉伯七月一般是婚礼的旺季,也是旅游休假的季节,一是为了避暑二是这个月会有相当多的喜事要参加。阿拉伯人也喜欢单数,如3和5,具体原因是受先知(圣人)的影响,他提倡斋月时饿了一天不要急着吃饭,先吃7个椰枣,如果不想吃7个,那就3个跟5个,所以慢慢就成为阿拉伯人喜欢的数字,另外3又跟他们洗小净的次数有关。
忌讳裸露
阿拉伯男人不喜欢穿短过膝盖的短裤出现在公众场合,因为宗教规定,男人腰部以下膝盖以上是羞体,也是要保护好的,女人是除手脚脸外全身。所以去阿布扎比和沙迦这两个相对保守的酋长国,也尽量避免过多的裸露,避免不必要的麻烦。
忌讳人形象征
在阿拉伯国家洋娃娃不能当礼物赠送,因为伊斯兰教严禁偶像崇拜。在严格的穆斯林家庭中,洋娃娃等外形类似人像或形象逼真的动物玩偶,是禁止放在家里当装饰品的。阿拉伯人的解释是:这些东西放在家里,天天观看,日子一久,会形成“偶像崇拜”。因此不要以洋娃娃当礼物送给阿拉伯家庭,当然也不要送人物的挂像或画作。
忌讳对女主人过于关心
去阿拉伯人家里做客,有时见不到女主人,向主人问他妻子的情况是不礼貌的。如果见到了阿拉伯人的妻子,可以打招呼,但切不可过份热情,也不要主动和阿拉伯人的妻子握手,因为阿拉伯女子是不和别的男人握手的。坐着时,你最好把脚踩地上,不要架着脚,以免露出鞋底,也不要未经同意随意参观阿拉伯人的房间。这些举止会被主人认为是对他们的侮辱。
忌讳祷告被打断
伊斯兰教规要求每天做五次祷告,祷告时工作暂停,这时客人绝不可打断他们的祈祷或表示不耐烦。
斋月忌讳饮食
斋月的时候,阿拉伯人往往在白天斋戒。所以未到晚上开斋的时间,不要当着阿拉伯人的面吃东西喝水,也不要把食物和水递给他们。
迪拜的阿拉伯人相对比较开放包容,迪拜华人与当地人打交道不必过于担心触犯忌讳,毕竟他们也明白“不知者无罪”的道理。但若是和比较保守的穆斯林打交道,就要注意不要触犯这些忌讳,以免尴尬。
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